VCS-254 Administration of Veritas Cluster Server 6.1 for UNIX Study Guide Prepared by Killexams.com Vmware Dumps Experts Exam Questions Updated On : Click To Check Update

Administration of Veritas Cluster Server 6.1 for UNIX exam

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January 24, 2000Web posted at: 12:11 p.m. EST (1711 GMT)

by John Bass and James Robinson, community World test Alliance

(IDG) -- all of it boils all the way down to what you are attempting to find in a community operating system (NOS).

Do you want it lean and versatile so that you can deploy it any way you please? possibly administration bells and management whistles are what you want so that you can install a couple of hundred servers. Or perhaps you want an working gadget that's powerful enough so that you sleep like a baby at nighttime?

The decent news is that there is a NOS waiting just for you. After the rash of contemporary software revisions, we took an in-depth look at 4 of the essential NOSes in the marketplace: Microsoft's home windows 2000 advanced Server, Novell's NetWare 5.1, pink Hat software's Linux 6.1 and The Santa Cruz Operation's (SCO) UnixWare 7.1.1. sun declined our invitation to put up Solaris since the enterprise says it be working on a new edition.

Microsoft's home windows 2000 edges out NetWare for the network World Blue Ribbon Award. windows 2000 tops the box with its administration interface, server monitoring tools, storage management amenities and security measures.

besides the fact that children, if it be efficiency you might be after, no product got here close to Novell's NetWare 5.1's numbers in our exhaustive file provider and community benchmarks. With its lightning-quickly engine and Novell's listing-primarily based administration, NetWare presents an excellent base for an business community.

We found the newest release of crimson Hat's business Linux bundle led the listing for flexibility as a result of its modular design lets you pare down the working equipment to go well with the project at hand. moreover, you could create scripts out of distinct Linux commands to automate projects throughout a dispensed atmosphere.

while SCO's UnixWare perceived to lag behind the pack in terms of file carrier performance and NOS-based mostly administration elements, its scalability elements make it a powerful candidate for operating commercial enterprise functions.

despite the job you saddle your server with, it has to perform neatly at analyzing and writing files and sending them across the network. We designed two benchmark suites to measure every NOS in these two categories. To mirror the true world, our benchmark tests agree with a wide range of server situations.

NetWare became the palms-down leader in our efficiency benchmarking, taking first place in two-thirds of the file assessments and earning desirable billing within the community checks.

red Hat Linux followed NetWare in file performance usual and even outpaced the chief in file exams where the study/write loads have been small. however, Linux did not operate neatly handling giant loads - these checks through which there have been greater than one hundred clients. under heavier person masses, Linux had a tendency to cease servicing file requests for a short period after which birth up once again.

windows 2000 confirmed negative write efficiency throughout all our file checks. basically, we found that its write efficiency was about 10% of its examine efficiency. After consulting with each Microsoft and client/Server solutions, the author of the Benchmark manufacturing unit checking out device we used, we decided that the terrible write efficiency can be as a result of two factors. One, which we were unable to assess, may be a likely performance issue with the SCSI driver for the hardware we used.

more tremendous, though, changed into an argument with our test utility. Benchmark factory sends a write-through flag in each and every of its write requests that is meant to cause the server to replace cache, if applicable, and then drive a write to disk. When the write to disk occurs, the write call is released and the subsequent request can be sent.

at first look, it seemed as if home windows 2000 was the only working device to honor this write-via flag because its write efficiency turned into so terrible. hence, we ran a 2d circular of write exams with the flag became off.

With the flag grew to become off, NetWare's write performance improved via 30%. This verify proved that Novell does indeed honor the write-through flag and may write to disk for every write request when that flag is set. however when the write-through flag is disabled, NetWare writes to disk in a greater productive manner by means of batching together contiguous blocks of statistics on the cache and writing all those blocks to disk at once.

Likewise, crimson Hat Linux's performance multiplied by way of 10% to fifteen% when the write-through flag become turned off. after we examined the Samba file gadget code, we discovered that it too honors the write-via flag. The Samba code then finds an most appropriate time all the way through the read/write sequence to jot down to disk.

This second circular of file trying out proves that windows 2000 is based on its file device cache to optimize write performance. The outcomes of the checking out with the write-through flag off were a great deal better - as a lot as 20 instances faster. despite the fact, home windows 2000 nonetheless fell in the back of both NetWare and RedHat Linux in the file write tests when the write-through flag was off.

SCO honors the write-via flag by way of default, due to the fact that its journaling file gadget is developed to maximize facts integrity by writing to disk for all write requests. The results within the write tests with the write-via flag on were very akin to the verify consequences with the write-via flag turned off.

For the community benchmark, we developed two tests. Our long TCP transaction check measured the bandwidth each and every server can maintain, whereas our short TCP transaction test measured each and every server's capability to handle enormous numbers of community classes with small file transactions.

despite a bad showing in the file benchmark, windows 2000 got here out on desirable within the lengthy TCP transaction check. home windows 2000 is the only NOS with a multithreaded IP stack, which allows for it to deal with network requests with distinctive processors. Novell and purple Hat say they're working on integrating this capacity into their items.

NetWare and Linux also registered powerful lengthy TCP examine consequences, coming in 2nd and third, respectively.

within the short TCP transaction examine, NetWare got here out the clear winner. Linux earned 2d region despite its lack of guide for abortive TCP closes, a technique through which an operating equipment can immediately tear down TCP connections. Our testing application, Ganymede utility's Chariot, makes use of abortive closes in its TCP exams.

As enterprise networks grow to require extra servers and aid more conclusion clients, NOS management tools become important elements in conserving networks under control. We regarded at the administration interfaces of each and every product and drilled down into how each and every dealt with server monitoring, customer administration, file and print administration, and storage management.

We found home windows 2000 and NetWare provide equally useful management interfaces.

Microsoft administration Console (MMC) is the glue that holds most of the home windows 2000 administration performance together. This configurable graphical consumer interface (GUI) means that you can snap in Microsoft and third-birthday celebration applets that customize its functionality. it's a two-paned interface, a good deal like home windows Explorer, with a nested checklist on the left and preference details on the right. The console is easy to use and permits you to configure many local server facets, together with users, disks, and system settings reminiscent of time and date.

MMC additionally permits you to enforce management policies for corporations of users and computers the use of active listing, Microsoft's new directory provider. From the active directory management tool interior MMC, that you would be able to configure clients and alter policies.

The community configuration tools are present in a separate software that opens if you click on the network locations icon on the laptop. each and every network interface is listed inner this window. which you could add and change protocols and configure, permit and disable interfaces from right here devoid of rebooting.

NetWare offers a few interfaces for server configuration and administration. These equipment present replica performance, however every is advantageous based from the place you are trying to manipulate the system. The device Console presents a couple of equipment for server configuration. one of the crucial positive is NWConfig, which lets you exchange beginning-up info, install device modules and configure the storage subsystem. NWConfig is fundamental, intuitive and predictable.

ConsoleOne is a Java-based mostly interface with just a few graphical tools for managing and configuring NetWare. Third-birthday party administration equipment can plug into ConsoleOne and assist you to manipulate numerous capabilities. We feel ConsoleOne's interface is slightly unsophisticated, but it surely works smartly satisfactory for those who need to have a home windows- based mostly supervisor.

Novell additionally offers an internet-purchasable administration utility known as NetWare management Portal, which permits you to manage NetWare servers remotely from a browser, and NWAdmin32, a relatively elementary client-side tool for administering Novell directory functions (NDS) from a home windows ninety five, 98 or NT client.

purple Hat's average systems management interface is called LinuxConf and may run as a graphical or textual content-primarily based application. The graphical interface, which resembles that of MMC, works neatly but has some design issues that make it difficult to make use of at times. as an example, in the event you run a setup software that takes up lots of the monitor, the device resizes the application greater than the computing device size.

nonetheless, that you could manipulate pretty tons anything on the server from LinuxConf, and you'll use it in the neighborhood or remotely over the web or by way of telnet. that you could configure equipment parameters akin to network addresses; file equipment settings and person debts; and installation add-on services corresponding to Samba - which is a carrier that lets windows clients get to data living on a Linux server - and FTP and net servers. which you could observe alterations devoid of rebooting the system.

average, pink Hat's interface is beneficial and the underlying equipment are potent and flexible, but LinuxConf lacks the polish of the different vendors' equipment.

SCO Admin is a GUI-primarily based front conclusion for approximately 50 SCO UnixWare configuration and administration equipment in a single window. for those who click on a tool, it brings up the software to control that item in a separate window.

a few of SCO's equipment are GUI-based mostly while others are textual content-primarily based. The server required a reboot to apply lots of the alterations. On the plus facet, that you can manipulate distinct UnixWare servers from SCOAdmin.

SCO also offers a effective Java-based mostly far off administration tool referred to as WebTop that works out of your browser.

One crucial administration project is monitoring the server itself. Microsoft leads the pack in how well that you could keep an eye fixed for your server's internals.

The home windows 2000 device computer screen lets you view a true-time, running graph of system operations, akin to CPU and community utilization, and memory and disk utilization. We used these equipment greatly to determine the impact of our benchmark checks on the working system. a further device referred to as network video display has a simple community packet analyzer that means that you can see the kinds of packets coming into the server. together, these Microsoft utilities will also be used to evaluate efficiency and means across multiple home windows 2000 servers.

NetWare's monitor utility shows processor utilization, reminiscence usage and buffer utilization on a native server. in case you be aware of what to look for, it can also be an impressive tool for diagnosing bottlenecks in the device. getting to know the that means of every of the monitored parameters is a bit of of a challenge, though.

if you want to examine efficiency facts throughout dissimilar servers, which you could faucet into Novell's web management Portal.

crimson Hat presents the average Linux command-line equipment for monitoring the server, equivalent to iostat and vmstat. It has no graphical monitoring equipment.

as with all Unix operating device, that you would be able to write scripts to automate these tools across Linux servers. youngsters, these tools are usually cryptic and require a high level of proficiency to use comfortably. a set of graphical monitoring equipment can be a pretty good addition to red Hat's Linux distribution.

UnixWare additionally offers a couple of monitoring equipment. gadget video display is UnixWare's fundamental however confined GUI for monitoring processor and reminiscence utilization. The sar and rtpm command-line equipment together checklist real-time device utilization of buffer, CPUs and disks. collectively, these tools provide you with an excellent overall concept of the burden on the server.

together with managing the server, you must control its clients. it's no surprise that both NOSes that ship with an built-in directory carrier topped the container in client administration tools.

We had been capable of configure user permissions by the use of Microsoft's active directory and the listing administration device in MMC. which you can community clients and computer systems into organizational units and apply policies to them.

that you could manage Novell's NDS and NetWare customers with ConsoleOne, NWAdmin or NetWare administration Portal. each and every can create clients, manage file house, and set permissions and rights. additionally, NetWare ships with a five-person edition of Novell's ZENworks tool, which offers computer administration functions akin to hardware and utility stock, utility distribution and remote handle services.

purple Hat Linux would not offer tons in the approach of customer administration features. You should handle native users through Unix permission configuration mechanisms.

UnixWare is corresponding to purple Hat Linux when it comes to customer administration, but SCO provides some home windows binaries on the server to remotely set file and listing permissions from a windows customer, as well as create and alter clients and their settings. SCO and red Hat present help for the Unix-based community tips service (NIS). NIS is a save for network counsel like logon names, passwords and residential directories. This integration helps with customer administration.

A NOS is nothing without the means to share file storage and printers. Novell and Microsoft collected properly honors in these areas.

that you may quite simply add and maintain printers in windows 2000 using the print administration wizard, and you may add file shares using active listing administration equipment. home windows 2000 additionally presents disbursed File capabilities, which permit you to mix information on a couple of server right into a single share.

Novell disbursed Print capabilities (NDPS) will let you instantly incorporate printers into the network. When NDPS senses a brand new printer on the community, it defines a Printer Agent that runs on the printer and communicates with NDS. then you definitely use NDS to define the guidelines for the new printer.

You outline NetWare file capabilities with the aid of developing and then mounting a disk quantity, which also manages extent guidelines.

red Hat contains Linux's printtool utility for constructing server-related and networks printers. which you can also use this GUI to create printcap entries to define printer entry.

Linux has a set of command-line file device configuration equipment for mounting and unmounting partitions. Samba ships with the product and gives some integration for windows consumers. you can configure Samba simplest through a cryptic configuration ASCII file - a significant downside.

UnixWare offers a versatile GUI-primarily based printer setup tool known as Printer SetUp supervisor. For file and quantity administration, SCO offers a tool known as VisionFS for interoperability with windows customers. We used VisionFS to enable our NT shoppers to access the UnixWare server. This service became effortless to configure and use.

windows 2000 provides the most efficient equipment for storage administration. Its graphical manipulate Disks tool for local disk configuration includes utility RAID management; that you can dynamically add disks to a extent set without having to reboot the device. moreover, a signature is written to each and every of the disks in an array so that they will also be moved to a different 2000 server without having to configure the extent on the new server. the new server acknowledges the drives as participants of a RAID set and adds the extent to the file gadget dynamically.

NetWare's volume administration device, NWConfig, is handy to use, but it will also be a bit puzzling to deploy a RAID volume. once we knew what we had been doing, we had no problems formatting drives and making a RAID extent. The tool looks a bit primitive, but we supply it excessive marks for performance and ease of use.

crimson Hat Linux presents no graphical RAID configuration equipment, but its command line tools made RAID configuration effortless.

To configure disks on the UnixWare server, we used the Veritas quantity manager graphical disk and quantity administration device that ships with UnixWare. We had some complications at first getting the device to recognize the drives so they may well be formatted. We managed to work across the disk configuration difficulty the use of an assortment of command line equipment, after which volume manager worked smartly.

while we did not probe these NOSes noticeably to reveal any security weaknesses, we did analyze what they offered in safety points.

Microsoft has made large strides with windows 2000 safety. windows 2000 helps Kerberos public key certificates as its fundamental authentication mechanism inside a website, and permits additional authentication with smart playing cards. Microsoft offers a safety Configuration device that integrates with MMC for effortless administration of protection objects in the active listing capabilities equipment, and a new Encrypting File device that lets you designate volumes on which information are immediately saved the usage of encryption.

Novell delivered assist for a public-key infrastructure into NetWare 5 the usage of a public certificate schema developed by means of RSA safety that allows you to faucet into NDS to generate certificates.

purple Hat presents a basic Kerberos authentication mechanism. With purple Hat Linux, as with most Unix operating programs, the community functions will also be individually managed to raise protection. pink Hat presents Pluggable Authentication Modules as a means of allowing you to set authentication guidelines throughout courses operating on the server. Passwords are included with a shadow file. red Hat additionally bundles firewall and VPN features.

UnixWare has a group of security tools known as protection supervisor that lets you installation varying degrees of intrusion protection across your community capabilities, from no restrict to turning all community functions off. it's an excellent administration time saver, though you may manually regulate the capabilities to obtain the same outcomes.

essentially the most characteristic-prosperous NOS is of little price if it can't maintain a server up and operating. windows 2000 offers application RAID 0, 1 and 5 configurations to give fault tolerance for onboard disk drives, and has a constructed-in community load-balancing characteristic that makes it possible for a bunch of servers to appear to be one server and share the same community name and IP tackle. The community decides which server will service every request. This now not best distributes the community load across a few servers, it also provides fault tolerance in case a server goes down. On a lesser scale, that you may use Microsoft's Failover Clustering to deliver basic failover services between two servers.

As with NT 4.0, home windows 2000 provides memory protection, which skill that every procedure runs in its own segment.

There are also backup and restore capabilities bundled with home windows 2000.

Novell has an add-on product for NetWare called Novell Cluster capabilities that lets you cluster as many as eight servers, all managed from one location the usage of ConsoleOne, NetWare management Portal or NWAdmin32. but Novell right now offers no clustering products to provide load balancing for applications or file features. NetWare has an problematic reminiscence insurance plan scheme to segregate the reminiscence used for the kernel and functions, and a Storage management services module to deliver a totally bendy backup and fix facility. Backups can also be all-inclusive, cover materials of a quantity or keep a differential image.

purple Hat provides a load-balancing product referred to as piranha with its Linux. This kit provides TCP load balancing between servers in a cluster. There is not any complicated limit to the number of servers that you would be able to configure in a cluster. red Hat Linux also gives application RAID support via command line tools, has reminiscence insurance policy capabilities and gives a rudimentary backup facility.

SCO provides an not obligatory characteristic to cluster a few servers in a load-balancing atmosphere with non-stop Clustering for a high degree of fault-tolerance. at present, continuous Clustering supports six servers in a cluster. UnixWare provides application RAID help this is managed the usage of SCO's on line facts supervisor feature. all the usual RAID levels are supported. laptop associates' bundled ArcServeIT 6.6 gives backup and restore capabilities. UnixWare has memory insurance policy capabilities.

as a result of our trying out become conducted before windows 2000's generic availability ship date, we were not able to consider its hard-reproduction documentation. The on-line documentation offered on a CD is huge, useful and neatly-organized, despite the fact a web interface could be a whole lot more straightforward to make use of if it gave greater than a couple of sentences at a time for a particular help theme.

NetWare 5 comes with two manuals: an in depth guide for installation and configuring the NOS with respectable explanations of concepts and features together with a top level view of the way to configure them, and a small spiral-certain booklet of short beginning playing cards. Novell's on-line documentation is very advantageous.

crimson Hat Linux comes with three manuals - an installation e-book, a getting began e-book and a reference guide - all of which might be handy to comply with.

regardless of being probably the most complex product to set up, UnixWare presents the most advantageous documentation. It comes with two manuals: a equipment instruction manual and a getting begun e-book. The system guide is a reference for conducting the setting up of the working equipment. It does an excellent job of reflecting this painful journey. The getting began book is neatly-written and smartly-prepared. It covers most of the tools crucial to configure and preserve the working gadget. SCO's on-line documentation appears first-class and is easy to observe.

The base line is that these NOSes offer a wide range of characteristics and provide commercial enterprise consumers with a very good deal of alternative involving how each and every may also be used in any given corporate network.

if you need a very good, general goal NOS that may deliver enterprise-class functions with the entire bells and whistles conceivable, then windows 2000 is the strongest contender. youngsters, for prime efficiency, enterprise file and print capabilities, our tests exhibit that Novell leads the pack. if you're willing to pay a higher fee for scalability and reliability, SCO UnixWare would be a safe bet. but if you need an affordable alternative so as to offer you bare-bones network functions with good efficiency, purple Hat Linux can definitely fit the invoice.

The option is yours.

Bass is the technical director and Robinson is a senior technical staff member at Centennial Networking Labs (CNL) at North Carolina State institution in Raleigh. CNL specializes in efficiency, skill and features of networking and server technologies and device.

Debate will center of attention on Linux vs. LinuxJanuary 20, 2000Some windows 2000 PCs will jump the gunJanuary 19, 2000IBM throws Linux lovefestJanuary 19, 2000Corel Linux will run home windows appsJanuary 10, 2000Novell's eDirectory spans platformsNovember 16, 1999New NetWare embraces net appsNovember 2, 1999Microsoft units a date for home windows 2000October 28, 1999

Fusion's discussion board: rectangular off with the providers over who has the superior NOS(network World Fusion)How we did it: details of the trying out(network World Fusion)find out the tuning parameters(community World Fusion)down load the Config information(community World Fusion)The Shootout consequences(community World Fusion)Fusion's NOS supplies(network World Fusion)With windows 2000, NT grows up(network World Fusion)Fireworks expected at NOS showdown(community World Fusion)

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Novell, Inc.Microsoft Corp.The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. (SCO)pink Hat, Inc.

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