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920-220 health - Nortel Converged Campus ERS Solution Updated: 2024 | ||||||||
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Exam Code: 920-220 Nortel Converged Campus ERS Solution health January 2024 by Killexams.com team | ||||||||
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Other Nortel exams920-197 BCM50 Rls.2.0 & BCM200/400 Rls.4.0 Configuration & Maintenance920-220 Nortel Converged Campus ERS Solution 920-240 Nortel Wireless Mesh Network Rls 2.3 Implementation and Mgmt. 920-260 Nortel Secure Router Rls. 10.1 Configuration & Management 920-270 Nortel WLAN 2300 Rls. 7.0 Planning & Engineering 920-327 MCS 5100 Rls.4.0 Commissioning and Administration 920-338 BCM50 Rls. 3.0, BCM200/400 Rls. 4.0 & BCM450 Rls. 1.0 Installation, Configuration & Maintenance 920-552 GSM BSS Operations and Maintenance 920-556 CDMA P-MCS Commissioning and Nortel Integration 920-803 Technology Standards and Protocol for IP Telephony Solutions 920-805 Nortel Data Networking Technology 922-080 CallPilot Rls.5.0 Upgrades and System Troubleshooting 922-102 Nortel Converged Office for CS 1000 Rls. 5.x Configuration | ||||||||
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Nortel 920-220 Nortel Converged Campus ERS Solution https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/920-220 B. Assured Forwarding C. Expedited Forwarding D. Enhanced Forwarding Answer: C Question: 61 A customer needs a network that can enable many users to request the same time-sensitive information simultaneously. Which technology would meet this need? A. Unicast B. Multicast C. Broadcast D. Webcast Answer: B Question: 62 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used by IP Multicast routers to learn about the existence of host group members on their directly attached subnets. Which statement about IGMP is true? A. The IP Multicast routers get this information by listening for IP hosts broadcasting IGMP queries and reporting their host group memberships. B. The IP Multicast routers get this information by recognizing the modified MAC address of a Multicast packet and adding that MAC address to the Multicast tree. C. The IP Multicast routers get this information by listening for Multicast Servers broadcasting IGMP queries and listening for IP hosts reporting their host group memberships. D. The IP Multicast routers get this information by broadcasting IGMP queries and listening for IP hosts reporting their host group memberships. Answer: D Question: 63 A customer has an Ethernet Routing Switch (ERS) 8600 deployed as the core switch to provide connections to file servers. They have a file server that uses dual MAC addresses on two Network Interface Cards (NICs) and need to provide as much bandwidth to the server as possible. Which statement describes the process that will meet these requirements? 22 A. Configure a DMLT between both NICs and the ERS 8600. B. Configure a MLT between both NICs and the ERS 8600. C. Configure static ARP entries on the ERS 8600 to contain both MAC addresses. D. Configure each port on the ERS 8600 as a separate link to each NIC. Answer: D Question: 64 Multicast transmission can result in dropped packets or duplicate packets, and changes in network topology can generate out-of-sequence packets. What protocol can minimize these potential problems? A. UDP B. PGM C. IGMP D. QoS Answer: B 23 For More exams visit https://killexams.com/vendors-exam-list Kill your exam at First Attempt....Guaranteed! | ||||||||
Your Health News and commentary about personal health, medicine, healthcare, drugs, diet, recipes, and nutrition. obtain the Your Health podcast and subscribe to their RSS feed. Hearing aids may boost longevity, study finds. But only if used regularlyWant to stress less in 2024? A new book offers '5 resets' to tame toxic stressA popular asthma inhaler is leaving pharmacy shelves. Here's what you need to knowThere's an effective morning-after pill for STIs but it's not clear it works in womenGiving gifts boosts happiness, research shows. So why do they feel frazzled?What parents need to know before giving kids melatoninInfertile people, gay and trans couples yearn for progress on lab-made eggs and spermFDA approves first gene-editing treatment for human illnessA fibrous path 'twixt heart and brain may make you swoon'Periodical' filmmaker wants to talk about PMS, menopause and the tampon taxFeeling alone? 5 tips to create connection and combat lonelinessHealth is on the agenda at UN climate negotiations. Here's why that's a big dealOne trillion devices are expected to be networked throughout the world within 15 years, up from 5 billion to 6 billion devices today, Zafirovski said during a keynote address at the event, held by CMP Technology, CRN's parent company. "For enterprises, this is going to add even more complexity," Zafirovski said, noting that the trend -- which Nortel has dubbed "hyperconnectivity" -- is being driven in part by increases in the number of mobile devices and machine-to-machine communications. Zafirovski acknowledged that Nortel lost its footing over the past few years as it struggled with financial woes and accounting scandals. The blows of that struggle are still being felt as the Ontario Securities Commission on Tuesday approved a settlement that will see the Toronto-based company pay nearly $1 million (U.S.) toward the regulator's costs to investigate Nortel's accounting practices from few years ago. But those problems are in the past, Zafirovski said, painting Nortel as a reinvigorated company that's as committed to the enterprise and can help customers meet the growing hyperconnectivity challenge. As evidence, he pointed to Nortel's spending on enterprise research and development, which grew by 33 percent last year, and to the company's increased investment in sales, marketing and channel initiatives. He also highlighted a slew of new enterprise data products launched at Interop. Under its new Business Optimized Networking strategy, Nortel is rolling out new networking, wireless and WAN optimization technology for enterprise customers. The new wares include Nortel's Secure Router 4134, which integrates routing, switching, security and VoIP functionality into a single branch-office device. The product takes advantage of the 10-month-old Innovative Communications Alliance between Nortel and Microsoft, rolling in integrated support for Microsoft Mediation technology required for Microsoft converged communications solutions. That combination of capabilities will enable customers to drop the number of boxes at branch locations from seven down to one, Zafirovski said. Nortel also unveiled its entrance into the WAN optimization market with its new Nortel Application Accelerator, which promises to boost Web application performance and cut bandwidth consumption. Nortel, too, was one of many vendors to roll out new WLAN technology at Interop. The company introduced a new architecture and new products, including its WLAN Security Switch 2382 and WLAN Access Point 2332. Under the new architecture, access points can forward traffic between themselves, eliminating the need to constantly send data back to the network core. Most pre-retirement Americans get health insurance through an employer. If you’re under age 26, you could get health insurance through an employer, a spouse’s plan or a parent’s health plan. From an EmployerGroup health insurance through an employer is how most pre-retirement age Americans get health insurance. Employers often offer health insurance as part of their benefits. Group coverage is usually more affordable than buying health insurance in other ways since employers typically pay more than half of costs. Affordable Care Act Health Insurance MarketplaceThe ACA health insurance marketplace at Healthcare.gov offers health insurance to people who don’t qualify for an employer-sponsored health plan. Some states have chosen to operate their own exchanges at different websites, but you can find the right exchange for your state through Healthcare.gov. The federal marketplace and state exchanges allow you to compare plans available in your area. You can enter your income and family information. The marketplace website uses your income to deliver you cost estimates for each plan that considers subsidies and premium tax credits that reduce ACA plan costs. Directly from a Health Insurance CompanyYou can buy an individual health insurance plan directly from an insurer without going through the federal marketplace website. These plans could be the same as those offered on the ACA exchange. If you go this route, you won’t benefit from subsidies found with ACA plans. Health insurance companies could also sell plans not offered on the ACA exchange and that don’t comply with federal rules. You might be able to find a cheaper plan directly through an insurer, but it might not be as comprehensive as the plans you will find on the federal health insurance marketplace. MedicareMedicare is a federal health insurance program for senior citizens, some people with disabilities and those with end-stage renal disease. Medicare has multiple parts including Original Medicare (Parts A and B), Medicare Advantage (Part C) and Medicare Part D.
Members with Parts A and B can also buy a Part D plan, which provides prescription drug benefits. Medigap plans will cover some of the gaps in Medicare. Another alternative is Medicare Advantage, which is offered by private health insurance companies. Medicare Advantage members get the benefits found in Parts A and B and usually prescription drug benefits, too. Medicare Advantage plans often offer expanded benefits like dental care, vision care and assistance paying for meals and transportation. MedicaidMedicaid is a federal/state low-income health insurance program for people who are eligible. Eligibility varies by state. Medicaid bases costs on a person’s income, but those eligible pay little to nothing for comprehensive health insurance coverage. The Children’s Health Insurance Plan (CHIP) is a similar federal/state program for pregnant women and children. Some states combine Medicaid with CHIP, while others keep them as separate programs. Short-Term Health InsuranceShort-term health insurance offers limited coverage at low costs in most states. Some states don’t allow short-term health insurance and critics say these plans don’t provide enough coverage. Short-term health insurance plans are meant as a stop-gap to bridge other health insurance plans. For instance, a short-term plan may be a low-cost solution if you’re between jobs. Most states let insurance companies offer short-term health plans for a year and members have the chance to renew a policy twice. But some states limit short-term health insurance plans to shorter periods. One drawback to short-term health insurance is that it doesn’t offer the same level of coverage as standard health insurance. You may have trouble finding a short-term plan that covers maternity care, prescription drugs and mental health. Catastrophic Health InsuranceCatastrophic health insurance is available only to people under age 30 or those going through severe financial problems, such as homelessness. Catastrophic health plans, offered through the ACA marketplace, have low premiums and high out-of-pocket costs when you need care. Unlike short-term health plans, which have limited benefits, catastrophic health insurance has the same level of care found in an ACA plan. If your employer doesn’t offer you health insurance as part of an employee benefits program, you may be looking at purchasing your own health insurance through a private health insurance company. It is common to be concerned about how much it will cost to purchase health insurance for yourself. However, there are various options and prices available to you based on the level of coverage that you need. Key Takeaways
How Buying Private Health Insurance WorksA premium is the amount of money that an individual or business pays to an insurance company for coverage. Health insurance premiums are typically paid monthly. Employers that offer an employer-sponsored health insurance plan typically cover part of the insurance premiums. If you need to insure yourself, you’ll be paying the full cost of the premiums. When purchasing your own insurance, the process is more complicated than simply selecting a company plan and having the premium payments come straight out of your paycheck every month. Here are some tips to help guide you through the process of purchasing your own health insurance. Some Americans get insurance by enrolling in a group health insurance plan through their employers. Medicare also provides healthcare coverage to people 65 years or older and the disabled, and Medicaid has coverage for low-income Americans. Medicare is a federal health insurance program for people who are age 65 or older. Certain young people with disabilities and people with end-stage renal disease may also qualify for Medicare. Medicaid is a public assistance healthcare program for low-income Americans regardless of their age. If your company does not offer an employer-sponsored plan, and if you are not eligible for Medicare or Medicaid, individuals and families have the option of purchasing insurance policies directly from private insurance companies or through the Health Insurance Marketplace. Scenarios When You Might Need Private Health InsuranceThere are certain circumstances that make it more likely that you will need to purchase your own health insurance plan, including: A Young Adult 26 Years of Age or OlderUnder provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, young people can be covered as dependents by their parents’ health insurance policy until they turn 26 years old. After that, they must seek out their own insurance policy. UnemployedIf you lose your job, you may be eligible to maintain coverage through your employer’s health insurance plan for a period of time through a program called the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA). COBRA allows eligible employees and their dependents the option to continue health insurance coverage at their own expense. While coverage through COBRA can be maintained for up to 36 months (under certain circumstances), the cost of enrolling in COBRA is very high. This is because the formerly employed person pays the entire cost of the insurance. Typically, employers pay a portion of healthcare premiums on behalf of their employees. A Part-Time EmployeePart-time jobs rarely offer health benefits. A part-time job is any position that requires employees to work a lower number of hours than would be considered full time by their employer, or 40 hours per week. If you work part time, you usually must enroll in your own health insurance. Self-EmployedA self-employed person may work as a freelancer or own a business. Some self-employed people can get health insurance through a spouse’s plan. If not, they must provide their own health insurance. A Business Owner Who Has EmployeesIf you start a business and you have employees, you might be required to offer them health insurance. Even if it’s not required, you might decide to offer health insurance to be a competitive employer that can attract qualified job candidates. In this situation, you will be required to purchase a business health insurance plan, also known as a group plan. If You Retire (or Your Spouse/Parent Retires)When you retire, you will likely no longer be eligible for employer-sponsored health insurance. If you are under age 65 and not disabled, you will need to purchase individual private health insurance until you turn 65 and can apply for Medicare. Many retirees choose to purchase private Medigap or Medicare Advantage plans in addition to Medicare as a way of guaranteeing more comprehensive coverage. Some retired people may also decide to completely replace Medicare coverage with a private Medicare Advantage plan. It is important to note that Medicare, Medigap, and Medicare Advantage plans are only for the individual—your spouse, partner, and any dependents cannot be insured through your Medicare plan. This means that if your family was previously insured through your employer’s plan, and you retire, your family members may need to enroll in individual insurance plans. Dropped by Your Existing InsurerAlthough the ACA prevents insurers from canceling your coverage—or denying you coverage due to a preexisting condition or because you made a mistake on your application—there are other circumstances when your coverage may be canceled. It’s also possible that your insurance may become so expensive that you can’t afford it. Why You Should Purchase Health InsuranceIf you find yourself in one of the above situations and lack health insurance coverage, it’s important to enroll in an individual plan as soon as possible. (The fine for failing to obtain coverage was canceled in 2019.) Even though you’re not required to have insurance, you cannot predict when an accident will occur that will require medical attention. Even a minor broken bone can have major financial consequences if you’re uninsured. If you purchase insurance through the Health Insurance Marketplace, you may be eligible for income-based premium tax credits or cost-sharing reductions. The marketplace is a platform that offers insurance plans to individuals, families, and small businesses. The ACA established the marketplace as a means to achieve maximum compliance with the mandate that all Americans be enrolled in health insurance. Many states offer their own marketplaces, while the federal government manages an exchange open to residents of other states. While you may not be able to afford the same kind of plan that an employer would offer you, any amount of coverage is more advantageous than none. In the event of a major accident or a long-term illness, you will be prepared. Choosing the Best Insurance Plan for YouThere are several different kinds of health insurance plans, and each of these plans has a number of unique features. Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)A health maintenance organization (HMO) is a company with an organizational structure that allows them to provide insurance coverage for their subscribers through a specific network of healthcare providers. Typical HMO features include paying for insurance coverage for a monthly or annual fee. Premiums tend to be lower for HMOs because health providers have patients directed at them, but the disadvantage is that subscribers are limited to accessing a network of doctors and other healthcare providers who are contracted with the HMO. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a type of insurance plan in which medical professionals and facilities provide services to subscribed clients at reduced rates. Healthcare providers that are part of this network are called preferred providers or in-network providers. Subscribers of a PPO plan have the option of seeing healthcare providers outside of this network of providers (out-of-network providers), but the rates for seeing these providers are more expensive. Exclusive Provider Organization (EPO)An exclusive provider organization (EPO) is a hybrid of HMO and PPO plans. With an EPO plan, you can only receive services from providers within a certain network. However, exceptions can be made for emergency care. Another characteristic of an EPO plan is that you may be required to choose a primary care physician (PCP). This is a general practitioner who will provide preventive care and treat you for minor illnesses. In addition, with an EMO plan, you usually do not need to get a referral from your PCP to see a specialist physician. High-Deductible Health Plan (HDHP)A high-deductible health plan (HDHP) has a couple of key characteristics. As its name implies, it has a higher annual deductible than other insurance plans. A deductible is the portion of an insurance claim that the subscriber covers themselves. HDHPs typically have lower monthly premiums. This type of plan is ideal for young or generally healthy people who don’t expect to demand healthcare services unless they experience a medical emergency or an unexpected accident. The last defining feature of a high-deductible health plan is that it offers access to a tax-advantaged Health Savings Account (HSA). HSA subscribers can contribute funds that can later be used for medical costs that their HDHP doesn’t cover. The advantage of these accounts is that the funds are not subject to federal income taxes at the time of the deposit. Consumer-Driven Health Plan (CHDP)Consumer-driven health plans (CDHPs) are a type of HDHP. A portion of services that subscribers receive is paid for with pretax dollars. Like other HDHPs, CDHPs have higher annual deductibles than other health insurance plans, but the subscriber pays lower premiums each month. Point-of-Service (POS) PlanA point-of-service (POS) plan provides different benefits to subscribers based on whether or not they use preferred providers (in-network providers) or providers outside of the preferred network (out-of-network providers). A POS plan includes features of both HMO and PPO plans. Short-Term Insurance PolicyA short-term insurance policy covers any gap that you might experience in coverage if, for example, you change jobs and your new company plan doesn’t kick in immediately. It typically lasts for three months. Term lengths vary by state, and in some U.S. states, you may be eligible for a short-term plan for up to 12 months. Short-term health insurance is also called temporary health insurance or term health insurance. It can be useful if you’re changing jobs, waiting to become eligible for Medicare coverage, or waiting out the designated open enrollment period for a plan. Under a short-term insurance plan, your spouse and other eligible dependents may also be covered. However, one important caveat of a short-term insurance plan is that in some cases, preexisting conditions can disqualify you from coverage. The definition of a preexisting condition varies depending on the state where you live, but it is usually defined as something you have been diagnosed with or received treatment for within the last two to five years. Catastrophic CoverageCatastrophic health insurance is a type of insurance plan that is typically only available to adults ages 30 or younger. To qualify, you must receive a hardship exemption from the government. Catastrophic health insurance typically has lower premiums than other health insurance plans. These types of plans are intended for people who cannot afford to spend much money every month on insurance premiums but don’t want to be without insurance in the event of a serious accident or illness. While catastrophic health insurance plans may have low monthly premiums, they typically have the highest possible deductibles. Choosing a DeductibleOnce you’ve decided on the type of plan that is best for you, you’ll need to determine how much you can afford to pay as a deductible. This is the predetermined amount that you pay for covered healthcare services before your insurance plan starts to pay. What can you afford to pay in out-of-pocket medical expenses each year? With most health insurance plans, the higher your deductible is, the lower your monthly premium will be. If your monthly cash flow is low, you might have to opt for a higher deductible. Another key consideration when selecting an insurance plan is the plan’s out-of-pocket maximum. After you’ve spent this amount on deductibles and medical services through co-payments and co-insurance, your health plan will pay the entire cost of covered benefits. How Much Does Private Health Insurance Cost?While many people are scared by the prospect of purchasing their own insurance versus enrolling in an employer-sponsored plan, some studies have shown that it can end up being more affordable than employer-sponsored plans. A study from the Kaiser Family Foundation found that the average annual premium for an employer-sponsored insurance plan for individual coverage in 2023 was $8,435 per year. This total increases to $23,968 per year for family coverage. In addition, if you end up purchasing coverage through the Health Insurance Marketplace, you may qualify for a Cost-Sharing Reduction subsidy and Advanced Premium Tax Credits. These can lower your premium payment amounts, your deductible, and any co-payments and co-insurance for which you are responsible. Where to Go to Buy Private Health InsuranceYou have several options when it comes to buying private health insurance. Medicare.govIf you are (or are soon to be) retired, you can begin on the Medicare website. It is recommended that you see what the standard Medicare plan covers and then look at options for ways to supplement Medicare through Medigap and Medicare Advantage policies. When considering Medigap or Medicare Advantage coverage, it’s important to understand how both work types of coverage work in conjunction with standard Medicare coverage. HealthCare.govAs a result of the ACA, the Health Insurance Marketplace was created in 2014. You can visit the Health Insurance Marketplace website to find out more about the options for health insurance coverage that are available where you live. You can also determine if you qualify for any subsidy and apply for it. The marketplace has a specific open enrollment period. Typically, it is from Nov. 1 to Dec. 15 every year, although various events may lead to the open enrollment period being extended or reopened. The website includes information about private plans that are available for purchase outside of the marketplace. However, if you purchase a plan outside of the marketplace, whether during open enrollment or not, then you will not be eligible for any subsidies available under the ACA. Under certain circumstances, an individual may be eligible to purchase a healthcare plan through the exchange even if it is outside of the specified open enrollment period. This is called a Special Enrollment Period. You may be eligible for a Special Enrollment Period if you experience a household change, including getting married or divorced, having or adopting a child, a death in your family, moving, losing your health insurance, being in a national catastrophe, or experiencing a disability. The American Rescue Plan of 2021 increased subsidies for ACA plans for lower-income Americans and broadened subsidies to include some subsidies at higher income levels. Private Health Insurance CompaniesYou can visit the websites of major health insurance companies in your geographic region and browse available options based on the type of coverage that you prefer and the deductible that you can afford to pay. The types of plans available and the premiums will vary based on the region where you live and your age. It’s important to note that the plan price quoted on the website is the lowest available price for that plan and assumes that you are in excellent health. You won’t know what you’ll really pay per month until you apply and provide the insurance company with your medical history. Pricing and the type of coverage can vary significantly based on the health insurance company. Because of this, it can be difficult to truly compare the plans to determine which company has the best combination of rates and coverage. It can be a good idea to identify which plans offer the most of the features that you require and are within your price range, then to read consumer reviews of those plans. If you are choosing a family plan or are an employer who is choosing a plan that you’ll provide to your employees, then you’ll also want to consider the needs of others who will be covered under the plan. Key Factors for Choosing a PlanHealth insurance plans offer a variety of different features. While it may be hard to find a plan that offers everything you desire, consider which of the following features are the most medically and financially necessary. Here are some questions to consider when you are researching plans:
When Can I Buy Private Health Insurance?Most types of health insurance have an open enrollment period during which you can sign up for private health insurance. This is true whether you buy insurance via the Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance exchange in your state, sign up directly through the insurer, enroll in the plan that your employer offers, or sign up for Medicare. Certain life events can trigger a special enrollment period, which will allow you to change your health insurance coverage outside of the normal enrollment period. These events include getting married or divorced, having a baby, losing your job-based health insurance, or moving out of your health plan’s service area. What Does Private Health Insurance Cost?In 2023, the average national cost for health insurance per year was $8,435 for single coverage and $23,968 for family coverage. However, this cost can vary considerably depending on your healthcare needs, the state where you live, and what level of coverage you require. Where Can I Buy Private Health Insurance?A good place to start looking for coverage is the Health Insurance Marketplace created in 2014 by the ACA. On the marketplace for your state, you can look through the details of private health insurance plans and compare the cost and benefits of each. If your state does not have its own marketplace, use HealthCare.gov. The Bottom LineGetting your own health insurance policy is not as easy as signing up for an employer’s plan, but at least you have control over the plan that you get. Once you figure out what you need and become familiar with the terminology used to describe health insurance plans, your research will become easier. With the number of options available, you can probably find a plan that meets both your needs and your budget. On the C-SPAN Networks: Recent ProgramsPeople
A: Lesbians face unique challenges within the health care system that can cause poorer mental and physical health. Many doctors, nurses, and other health care providers have not had sufficient training to understand the specific health experiences of lesbians, or that women who are lesbians, like heterosexual women, can be healthy normal females. There can be barriers to optimal health for lesbians, such as:
For the above reasons, lesbians often avoid routine health exams and even delay seeking medical care when health problems occur.
Experts advise newcomers to start with a low dose of CBD oil, such as 25 milligrams a day, and gradually increase their dose to a level that provides the desired effects. It’s best to navigate this process under the guidance of a qualified health care provider, as reactions to CBD can vary per person. For CBD oil to take effect, it must first be digested in a process called first-pass digestion. Preliminary research suggests consuming CBD oil with high-fat foods may increase CBD’s bioavailability, but further human trials are needed. CBD tinctures are taken under the tongue and are absorbed by the mucous membranes, which may mean they take effect more quickly, though more scientific evidence is necessary to support this theory. What Strength CBD Oil is Right for Me?There’s no standard dose or potency when it comes to taking CBD oil. Effects vary from person to person and depend on the type of CBD used, as well as other factors, such as height, weight and metabolic function. Furthermore, the effective dose of CBD oil may change based on the intended use—for example, whether it’s being used to support sleep, Strengthen pain levels or reduce anxiety. More research is needed to determine standard effective doses and potencies of CBD oil. “CBD oil is used—without much supportive evidence—for the self-medication of various conditions, including pain and anxiety,” says Dr. Piomelli. “If someone decides to try it, I would recommend to start with a low daily dose (50 milligrams maximum) and make sure to monitor themselves for side effects like somnolence (drowsiness), fatigue and diarrhea. I wouldn’t exceed a daily dose of 250 milligrams, nor would I take it for more than two to three weeks.” How Much CBD Oil Should I Take?The amount of CBD oil an individual should take varies based on the potency of the oil, the type of CBD it uses and desired effects. What’s more, CBD oil effects and absorption rates depend on additional factors, such as a person’s body weight, height and individual metabolism. Experts generally recommend starting with a low dose and potency and building from there to find the ideal CBD oil dose for you. How Long Does CBD Oil Take to Work?Some research suggests holding CBD oil underneath the tongue may lead to absorption through the bloodstream, meaning the effects may be felt sooner than other delivery methods, but additional studies are needed to support these claims. Meanwhile, CBD oil that is swallowed may take as long as 30 minutes to four hours to take effect, according to Dr. Piomelli. Additionally, research indicates that CBD bioavailability increases when consumed with a high-fat or high-calorie meal rather than consuming CBD alone or on an empty stomach. “A full stomach speeds up absorption, but it could still take hours for CBD to be fully absorbed,” adds Dr. Piomelli. "They're saying to partners, 'Here's where we're going, they want you to be a part of this and we're giving you incentives to do so,' " said Stuart Chandler, president and CEO of Optivor Technologies, a $6 million solution provider in Jessup, Md. About 90 percent of Optivor's revenue is Nortel-related, he said. The bevy of new rewards and incentives should bolster margins and help solution providers compete more effectively with carrier-class partners such as SBC or Verizon, which sometimes win deals at the 11th hour with unbeatable pricing, particularly on Nortel data deals, Chandler said. The new incentives are the latest step in Nortel's migration from a volume-focused channel strategy to one that rewards partners for the value they bring to and investment they make in their Nortel partnerships, a shift that began two years ago, said Perry McDonald, director of channel marketing at Nortel, Brampton, Ontario. "We're starting to see the positive effect that's having on their customer service," McDonald said. For example, the level of certified Nortel technicians increased 300 percent in 2004 compared with 2003, he said. "That's directly attributable to Partner Advantage," he said. The new incentives aim to help spur adoption of VoIP and boost profitability among Nortel channel partners, McDonald said. Available to the vendor's 130 North American Partner Advantage partners, Velocity Incentives includes changes to the vendor's Marketing Allowance Fund program that are weighted toward sales of converged voice, data and applications while decreasing benefits tied to sales of traditional phone equipment. Under the new program, partners are eligible to accrue marketing development funds at a rate of 2 percent on IP telephony products, 1.5 percent on data (including WLAN and security) and applications (including IP contact center, unified messaging, and interactive voice response), and 0.75 percent on legacy phone equipment. Previously, partners earned 1.5 percent on all product categories, McDonald said. Partners also can earn extra rebates for meeting overall year-over-year growth goals and achieving growth in voice, data or applications. Partner Advantage program members get a 9 percent rebate as a reward for meeting year-over-year growth goals, which range from 10 percent to 20 percent growth, depending on solution providers' level within the program. Velocity Incentives now offers an extra 6-percent rebate to partners that meet the same growth goals for products in converged VoIP, data or applications. In addition, the vendor's new Data Select program gives partners with Nortel sales of more than half of their overall networking business an additional five-point, upfront discount on networking products. "Select" programs around VoIP and convergence applications are expected later in the year. "This is the first time in latest memory Nortel has done anything to reward loyalty," Optivor's Chandler said. | ||||||||
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