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300-515 Implementing Cisco Service Provider VPN Services (SPVI)

Exam Code : 300-515

Exam Name : Implementing Cisco Service Provider VPN Services - SPVI

Duration : 90 Min.



Exam Description

The Implementing Cisco Service Provider VPN Services v1.0 (SPVI 300-515) test is a 90-minute test associated with the CCNP Service Provider and Cisco Certified Specialist - Service Provider VPN Services Implementation certifications. This test tests a candidate's knowledge of implementing service provider VPN services, including Layer 2, Layer 3, and IPv6. The course, Implementing Cisco Service Provider VPN Services, helps candidates to prepare for this exam.



1.1 Compare VPN architecture

1.1.a Layer 2 and Layer 3 VPN

1.1.b Inter-AS and Intra-AS

1.2 Troubleshoot underlay

1.2.a Core IGP

1.2.b LSP

1.3 Describe Layer 2 service architecture

1.3.a IOS XR Ethernet Flowpoints

1.3.b IOS XE Ethernet Virtual Circuits

1.4 Describe the L3VPN control plane operation

1.4.a MP-BGP

1.4.b Route distinguisher

1.4.c VPNv4 address

1.4.d Route target

1.4.e VPN label

1.4.f VRF routing instance

1.4.g PE-CE route advertisement

1.5 Describe the L3VPN data plane operation

1.5.a Underlay label

1.5.b VRF forwarding instance

2.1 Troubleshoot L2VPN Services

2.1.a E-LAN

2.1.b E-Line

2.1.c E-Tree

2.2 Describe EVPN concepts

2.2.a Data plane and control plane operation

2.2.b Multihoming mechanisms

2.2.c Suppression mechanisms

2.2.d Traffic forwarding operation

2.3 Implement Ethernet Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (E-OAM)

2.4 Implementing EVPN

2.4.a EVPN IRB

2.4.b EVPN VPWS

2.4.c EVPN native

3.1 Describe routing requirements

3.1.a MP-BGP

3.1.b PE-CE routing protocol

3.2 Troubleshoot Intra-AS L3VPNs

3.2.a PE-CE

3.2.b PE-PE

3.2.c PE-RR

3.3 Implement multicast VPN

3.3.a Intranet MVPN

3.3.b Extranet MVPN

3.3.c MLDP

3.4 Implement extranet/shared services

3.4.a Import and export route targets

3.4.b Route policy

3.5 Describe Inter-AS L3VPNs

3.5.a Option A

3.5.b Option B

3.5.c Option AB

3.5.d Option C

3.6 Describe CSC concepts

4.1 Describe routing requirements

4.1.a MP-BGP

4.1.b PE-CE routing protocol

4.2 Troubleshoot IPv6 VPN provider edge

4.2.a PE-PE

4.2.b PE-CE
Implementing Cisco Service Provider VPN Services (SPVI)
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Question #51 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. What is the effect of this configuration?
A. The mroute table is cleared.
B. Router 1 accepts multicast routes with a tag of 12:1
C. A Cisco MPLS TE tunnel is generated with 192.168.1.2 as the source IP address of router 1.
D. An LSP virtual interface tunnel is created.
Answer: B
Question #52 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement about this command is true?
A. It must be configured on each PE router to enable the PE routers to receive multicast traffic for this particular MVRF.
B. It is used to set the designated router on a link using PIM-SM.
C. It must be configured on the PE and CE router to enable MP-BGP to send labels for CSC.
D. It is used to set the router that will server as the root bridge for STP.
Answer: A
Reference:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/asr1000/configuration/guide/chassis/asrswcfg/lsmmldp.html
Question #53 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement describes the result of this BGP configuration?
A. R1 operates using IPv4 and VPNv4 address families.
B. R1 operates on IPv6 only because the bgp default ipv4-unicast command is missing.
C. R1 establishes a VPNv4 eBGP relationship with neighbor 192.168.1.1.
D. R1 establishes an iBGP relationship with peer 192.168.1.1.
Answer: D
Question #54 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. While provisioning a new BGP session between the PE and CE router, you issue the as-override command. Which
statement describes modification of the prefix before being sent to the CE router (10.10.10.1)?
A. The fourth AS changes, but no other autonomous systems change.
B. The first and fourth autonomous systems change.
C. The second and third autonomous systems change.
D. The first AS changes, but no other autonomous systems change.
Answer: D
Question #55 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. A technician is troubleshooting a connectivity issue and notices that there is no IS-IS adjacency between R1 and R2.
What can the technician change to bring the IS-IS adjacency up?
A. Change R2's net address to be in the same area as R1.
B. Change R1's is-type to level-2-only
C. Change R1's net address to be in the same area as R2.
D. Change R2's configuration to no longer set the overload bit.
Answer: B
Question #56 Section 1
Which BGP feature causes to replace the AS number of originating router with the AS number of the sending router?
A. route reflectors
B. route dampening
C. confederations
D. AS override
Answer: D
Reference:
https://community.cisco.com/t5/networking-documents/understanding-bgp-as-override-feature/ta-p/3111967
Question #57 Section 1
Refer to the exhibit. PE1 and PE2 are exchanging VPNv4 routes for CE1 and CE2, and PE3 contains the default route to the internet. If the
three devices are operating normally, which two conclusions describe this configuration? (Choose two.)
A. The CE1 and CE2 VRFs can exchange routes only between their respective VRFs on PE1 and PE2.
B. All three routers must be running a distance-vector routing protocol.
C. All three routers must be running MP-BGP.
D. The CE1 and CE2 VRFs can access the default route provided by the Internet VRF.
E. Only the CE2 VRF can access the default route provided by the Internet VRF.
Answer: AC
Question #58 Section 1
The network engineering group of a large ISP needs to harden the management plane of its Cisco 9000 Series ASRs. While addressing IPv6
ICMP issues, they realized they have to limit the rate at which IPv6 ICMP error messages are sent out on the network. Which command do
they need to apply?
A. icmp ipv6 rate-limit unreachable 1000
B. ipv6 rate-limit 1000
C. icmp ipv4 rate-limit unreachable 1000
D. ipv6 icmp error-interval 50 20
Answer: D
Reference:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipv6_basic/configuration/xe-3s/ip6b-xe-3s-book/ip6-icmp-rate-lmt-xe.html
Question #59 Section 1
Which optional information can be included with an IPv6 ping to support the troubleshooting process?
A. IPv4 IP address
B. source MAC address
C. destination MAC address
D. IPv6 hostname
Answer: D
Reference:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipv6/configuration/xe-3s/ipv6-xe-36s-book/ip6-mng-apps.html
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Cisco Implementing study help - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/300-515 Search results Cisco Implementing study help - BingNews https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/300-515 https://killexams.com/exam_list/Cisco Cisco Study: Mobile Access Creating Big Productivity Gains

In addition, the study claimed that use of mobile data services led to a 1.9 percent increase in the Gross Domestic Product of the U.S. in 2003. That productivity increase was the equivalent of $10.4 trillion, according to Cisco.

The study was conducted for Cisco by OMNI Consulting Group and measured total factor productivity (TFP), which is a method of determining how well businesses use capital, labor technology to produce goods and services.

The study found particularly strong productivity gains in specific industries. For instance, it found that insurance claims adjusters could handle 7.4 more claims per week by using mobile devices and wireless networks. Similarly, sales representatives in the healthcare and pharmaceutical field were able to conduct 8.3 more physician briefings each week because of mobile data and voice access.

The study also found that hotel guests were far more likely to select a hotel with broadband connectivity and would spend almost seven per cent more for hotel rooms with connectivity.

"This study shows that with mobile data services, workers are not only more productive, but they also develop new business processes that yield increased customer and job satisfaction as well as competitive advantage," Steve Hoch, Cisco's director of service provider mobility, said in a statement. "This research shows businesses that the rewards of investing in mobile data services are real and compelling."

"The scope of this research breaks new ground in quantifying the net impact of mobility and its associated productivity gains by examining business and worker performance under many different scenarios," Frank J. Bernhard, technology economist and managing principal with OMNI Consulting Group, said in a statement.

Tue, 08 Feb 2005 16:09:00 -0600 text/html https://www.crn.com/news/networking/59302330/cisco-study-mobile-access-creating-big-productivity-gains
New Report: Businesses Suffer Serious, Measurable Damage From Data Breaches No result found, try new keyword!People who own, run, or work for businesses should take note of several findings of a exact Cisco study of the impact of data breaches. Sun, 31 Dec 2023 22:30:00 -0600 en-us text/html https://www.msn.com/ Best IT Certifications for 2024

Earning specialized certifications is a surefire way to advance your career in the IT field, regardless of industry or current career level. The right certification validates your skills and knowledge, which makes you more desirable to future employers who want to attract and retain the best employees. Below, we’ll explore the top IT certifications and share how to examine your goals to choose the right path forward. 

We’ve narrowed IT certifications into specific categories to help IT professionals assess what’s available and pursue the best certifications to show their willingness to learn and develop the in-demand career skills employers want.

Best database certifications 

Database platforms have changed greatly over the years, but database technology remains important for various applications and computing tasks. Available certifications for IT professionals include those for database administrators (DBAs), database developers, data analysts and architects, business intelligence, and data warehousing specialists, and other data professionals.

Obtaining database certifications demonstrates an understanding of database concepts, design, implementation, administration and security. This can boost your credibility in the job market and show potential employers that you have the skills needed to work with databases. The best database certifications include the following:

Best SAS certifications 

SAS is one of the world’s leading firms for business analytics, data warehousing and data mining. Today, the SAS Global Certification Program offers 23 credentials across categories including foundation tools, advanced analytics, business intelligence, data management and administration.

SAS programmers remain in high demand, with a quick search of job boards showing thousands of open positions. Obtaining SAS certification shows employers that you are proficient in the company’s popular suite of tools. Some of SAS’s certification programs include the following: 

Many professionals earn certifications to help navigate their career paths. According to the IT Salary Report, 92 percent of information technology professionals have at least one certification.

Best Cisco certifications 

Cisco Systems is a market leader not only in networking and communications products, but also storage networking and solutions for data centers. Cisco offers a variety of certifications for IT professionals, ranging from entry level credentials to expert-level exams. 

These certifications prepare professionals for Cisco-related careers. A search of job boards reveals thousands of open positions for Cisco experts, underscoring the continued relevance of these skills. Some of Cisco’s certifications include the following:

Best Dell certifications 

Dell Technologies remains one of the world’s leading computing companies. In addition to its well-known hardware lineup, Dell also offers solutions for networks, storage, servers, gateways and embedded computing, as well as a broad range of IT and business services.

Becoming certified in Dell products can help make IT professionals competitive in engineering roles for server, virtualization, networking, systems, integration and data security. Additional roles include consultants, account executives, system administrators, IT managers and deployment managers.

Best mobility certifications 

In the mobile era, it has become increasingly important for network engineers to support local, remote and mobile users, as well as provide proper infrastructure. The focus on application and app development now leans more toward mobile environments, requiring security professionals to thoroughly address mobility from all perspectives.

Due to the fast-changing nature of mobile technology, not many mobility certifications have become widely adopted. However, a few of the top mobility certifications can help IT professionals stand out in this rapidly evolving field. 

If part of your job includes selling and implementing an IT solution, you may want to pursue the best sales certifications. You’ll show your organization that you’re willing to go above and beyond to reach sales targets.

Best computer hardware certifications 

As remote and computer-based work has become more common, it’s more important than ever that businesses and individuals be able to maintain their hardware. While discussions about potential computer-related jobs often revolve around software work and coding, jumping into the IT field by becoming a computer technician is an excellent starting point.

Today, thousands of hardware technician jobs are available across the country. Entering this industry becomes more accessible for those who acquire computer hardware certifications. These certifications can showcase your expertise and proficiency in the upkeep of computers, mobile devices, printers and other hardware components.

Best Google Cloud certifications 

IT pros with solid cloud computing skills continue to be in high demand as more companies adopt cloud technologies. Today, Google Cloud is one of the market leaders in the cloud computing space. 

Regardless of where you are in your IT career, engaging with certification programs can demonstrate your willingness to keep on top of rapidly evolving cloud technologies. To that end, Google has introduced a host of certifications for its cloud platform, including the following: 

Best evergreen IT certifications

In the fast-changing world of technology, it can help to focus on certifications that have stood the test of time. “Evergreen” refers to certifications that remain popular year after year. 

The top evergreen certifications are based on exact pay surveys in IT, reports from IT professionals about certifications they want or pursue the most, and those that appear most frequently in online job postings. Obtaining these credentials is one step toward ensuring that your skills remain relevant for a long time: 

Best IT governance certifications 

IT governance provides structure for aligning a company’s IT with its business strategies. Organizations faced with compliance rigors always need experienced IT pros who can see the big picture and understand technology risks. This means certified IT governance professionals are likely to remain in high demand.

Earning one of the following certifications proves a commitment to understanding the role of IT governance and its position in a company’s current and future success. Getting certified can validate your expert knowledge and lead to advanced career opportunities.

Best system administrator certifications 

An IT system administrator is responsible for managing and maintaining the information technology infrastructure within an organization. The position demands sought-after career skills, ranging from configuring and maintaining servers and clients to managing access controls, network services, and addressing application resource requirements.

If you’re in charge of managing modern servers, there’s a long list of tools and technologies that system administrators must master. Obtaining some of the most prominent system administrator certifications can demonstrate your mastery to potential employers. 

Best ITIL certifications 

ITIL, or Information Technology Infrastructure Library, was developed to establish standardized best practices for IT services within government agencies. Over the ensuing four decades, businesses of all types embraced, modified, and extended ITIL, shaping it into a comprehensive framework for managing IT service delivery. 

The ITIL framework remains the benchmark for best practices in IT service and delivery management, offering certification programs that cater to IT professionals at all levels. These training and certification courses ensure that IT professionals stay well-prepared for the ongoing evolution in IT service delivery management. There are four certifications in the ITIL certification program:

Best enterprise architect certifications 

An IT enterprise architect is responsible for designing and managing the overall structure and framework of an organization’s information technology system. Enterprise architect certifications are among the highest that an IT professional can achieve; fewer than 1 percent ultimately reach this level. 

Enterprise architects are among the highest-paid employees and consultants in the tech industry. These certifications can put IT professionals on a path to many lucrative positions. The average worker earns over six figures annually. Some top enterprise architect certifications are listed below:

To become an enterprise IT architect, you’ll need knowledge of systems deployment, design and architecture, as well as a strong business foundation.

Best CompTIA certifications

CompTIA is a nonprofit trade association made up of more than 2,000 member organizations and 3,000 business partners. The organization’s vendor-neutral certification program is one of the best recognized in the IT industry. Since CompTIA developed its A+ credential in 1993, it has issued more than two million certifications.

CompTIA certifications are grouped by skill set and focus on the real-world skills IT professionals need. Armed with these credentials, you can demonstrate that you know how to manage and support IT infrastructure. 

Best Oracle certifications 

A longtime leader in database software, Oracle also offers cloud solutions, servers, engineered systems, storage, and more. The company has more than 430,000 customers in 175 countries. 

Today, Oracle’s training program offers six certification levels that span 16 product categories with more than 200 individual credentials. Considering the depth and breadth of this program — and the number of Oracle customers — it’s no surprise that Oracle certifications are highly sought after. 

Vendor-specific certifications address a particular vendor’s hardware and software. For example, you can pursue Oracle certifications and Dell certifications to become an expert in those companies’ environments.

Best business continuity and disaster recovery certifications

Business continuity and disaster recovery keep systems running and data available in the event of interruptions or faults. These programs bring systems back to normal operation after a disaster has occurred.

Business continuity and disaster recovery certifications are seeing a healthy uptrend as new cloud-based tools grow in popularity. While business continuity planning and disaster recovery planning have always been essential, they’re becoming more critical than ever — and IT certifications are following suit.

Tue, 02 Jan 2024 09:59:00 -0600 en text/html https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/10953-best-it-certifications.html
Cisco's Acquisitions Help Brighten the Networker's Outlook No result found, try new keyword!"We want to make sure they continue to have enough fire power to continue to be able to do the right acquisitions to help us position Cisco right for the long term," Kramer said. This article was ... Thu, 16 Nov 2017 06:45:00 -0600 text/html https://www.thestreet.com/markets/mergers-and-acquisitions/cisco-s-acquisitions-help-brighten-the-networker-s-outlook-14394016 Cisco CEO: Software, Services Help Boost Sales In Midst Of 'Challenging' Macro Climate

Cisco's software subscriptions now account for 71 percent of its total software revenue. Cisco's software and services-focused pivot is helping the giant overcome a difficult macroeconomic environment, Cisco CEO Chuck Robbins said on Wednesday.

ARTICLE TITLE HERE

Cisco Systems said it faced macroeconomic pressure during its latest quarter but it’s confident that the impact will lighten as Cisco leans on its software-first business model. Even so, the San Jose, Calif.-based vendor expects sales in its fiscal second quarter to decline by 3 to 5 percent from the same period a year before.

Cisco's Q1 2020 software subscriptions now account for 71 percent of its total software revenue, a figure that is up 12 points year over year. Cisco over the past year has refreshed its entire switching, routing, and wireless portfolio, which now is entirely sold through a subscription model, an effort that is "going exactly as planned," CEO Chuck Robbins said during Cisco's quarterly earnings call on Wednesday afternoon.

"One of the big things they want to do is continue the transition toward the software model. They had 30 years of a net 30 CapEx model, so they are in the midst of that transition and are making progress on a timeline they expected -- that's the biggest strategic thing I think that they can do," Robbins said.

From a portfolio perspective, the tech giant wants to help its partners and customers capitalize on cloud, automation, 5G, security and collaboration, he added. "Clearly, they have a lot of customers that are still buying a lot of stuff, so while there is a slowdown, there's still meaningful value their customers are seeing with their technology."

[Related: Cisco CEO Chuck Robbins On The 'Incredibly Powerful' DevNet Platform, SMB, And As-A-Service Opportunities]

Cisco's Robbins said that the company delivered solid performance despite a “challenging” macro environment, citing the U.S.-China trade war as one issue. For the company's first quarter of 2020 that ended on Oct. 31, 2019, Cisco's revenue rose 2 percent to $13.16 billion from $13.07 billion in the year-ago quarter, with products accounting for $9.88 billion and services at $3.28 billion.

Cisco's Infrastructure segment, which includes the core switching and routing businesses as well as wireless and data center products, decreased by 1 percent during the quarter to $7.54 billion. Despite the slight decline, every business within the Infrastructure segment was up except routing, which was down due to weakness in the service provider business, said Kelly Kramer, Cisco's executive vice president and CFO.

Robbins during the company's last earnings call in August said that Cisco had started to see early indications of macro impact, which kicked in during the company's first quarter of 2020. Specifically, the service provider segment dropped 13 percent during the quarter. Cisco’s revenue in China was down 31 percent during the quarter, Kramer said.

"[The macro impact at the end of Q4 2019] they saw basically continued. The entire quarter was worse than they expected when they began,” Robbins said, citing softness across several technology areas and segments, including enterprise commercial and service provider and emerging markets. "We have effectively assumed that it will stay as is … they haven't modeled any further deterioration or improvement."

While service providers are currently focused on building out consumer based 5G services, Cisco believes the service provider segment will Strengthen when the carriers turn to Cisco for help building out their 5G enterprise networks that will require higher throughput for more traffic, which will likely happen by the end of 2021, Robbins said.

The firm’s security segment continued to be a bright spot, posting double-digit growth during the first quarter of 2020. The Security business, which Robbins said is resonating with customers right now, rose 22 percent in the quarter to $815 million.

"Security is at the heart of everything they do. It's deeply integrated into the fabric of their portfolio," he said. "As the leader in zero-trust, their customers are increasingly turning to us to extend simple, and trusted access to their users in hybrid and multi-cloud environments. This is leading to a strong uptick in Duo, their identity access management solution."

The company's Applications business segment, which includes AppDynamics and the company's video conferencing and collaboration portfolio, rose 6 percent to $1.50 billion in revenue in Q1. Robbins told CRN last week that Cisco is investing heavily in AppDynamics and that AIops and APM represents a big opportunity for partners.

Cisco last week at its 2019 Partner Summit said that its partner route to market is at more than 85 percent and it's never been this high in the company's history.

Cisco's net income rose 5 percent to $3.61 billion during Q1 2020, up from $3.45 billion year-over-year.

During the quarter, Cisco closed its acquisition of CloudCherry, a privately held Customer Experience Management (CEM) company that will deliver Cisco's contact center portfolio a boost, the company said.

Cisco stock declined by 5 percent in after-hours trading on Wednesday to $46.03.

Wed, 13 Nov 2019 09:44:00 -0600 text/html https://www.crn.com/news/networking/cisco-ceo-software-services-help-boost-sales-in-midst-of-challenging-macro-climate
How Crying Can Help You, Here Is What A Study Says
Getty

They say that there's no sense in crying over spilled milk. But what do they know? Crying can get you another glass of milk if you do it loud enough. Plus, crying may serve a real physiologic purpose, according to a study published recently in Emotion, meaning the journal and not in an Emo-kind of way.

For the study, three researchers from the University of Queensland (Leah S. Sharman, Genevieve A. Dingle, and Eric J. Vanman) and one from Tilberg University (Ad J. J. M. Vingerhoets) recruited 197 female undergraduate students. They said that they choose all women rather than including men because pilot testing of sad videos had revealed that more women than men cried or at least more women revealed that they were crying. This did not account for the men who cried inside or used some bro-language or high fives to hide the crying.

The research team then showed each of the study participants either a video that are supposed to make them feel sad (sad videos) or a video that was not supposed to elicit any emotion (neutral videos) like something from a documentary or a ted talk. Each video lasted for close to 18 minutes. After the video, the researchers noted whether or not each participant had cried while watching the video. Ultimately, 65 participants watched the neutral video, 71 watched the sad video and cried during it, and 61 watched the sad video and did not cry. Presumably, no one cried during the neutral video. But then again, actor Bryce Dallas Howard was able to cry when Conan O'Brien talked about Home Depot in this Conan clip:

Then, each participant underwent a Cold Pressor Stress Test (CPT), which involved placing the participant's left hand, up to the wrist, in cold 0° to 5°C water. Unless you are the Iceman or Killer Frost, this is supposed to be painful. The research team measured how long each participant could stay in this position until pulling her hand out of the water. During the study, the research team continuously measured each participant's heart rate and respiratory rate and periodically measured cortisol levels from saliva samples. Cortisol is a stress-hormone that's produced by the body.

Also, at four points during the study, participants answered questions from the Positive and Negative Affect Scale short form (PANAS). These questions asked the degree to which the participant was experiencing ten different emotions and to rank each on a five-point scale that ranged from a one (very slightly or not at all) to a five (extremely).

When it came to cortisol levels and how long the participants could keep their hands submerged in the cold water, the study ended up finding not much difference between the neutral video watchers, the sad video non-criers, and the sad video criers. So if you are about to dunk yourself in cold water or take a cold shower, it may not help to cry first.

But here's a difference that the study found. Are you ready? Take a deep breath. The difference was breathing rates. While watching the videos, the non-criers tended to have elevations in their breathing rates, whereas, by contrast, the criers tended to maintain their initial breathing rates. In other words, tearing up could have helped participants better control their breathing rates. This provides further evidence that crying may help you better regulate arousal, serving as an emotional release.

Another interesting finding was that right before crying, participants tended to experience decreases in their heart rates, seemingly in anticipation of the crying. Once the crying began, their heart rates then tended to creep back up but not above where their heart rates had been before everything began. This may be further evidence that crying has a beneficial regulatory effect on your physiology.

So perhaps next time you start crying you can tell people that you are regulating your physiology. You've probably heard of people saying that they had a good cry and feel better after they've let the tears flow. It can be important to find reasonable ways to periodically release your emotions. Otherwise, you may end up bottling everything up like a hot air balloon that can explode when you least expect it.

Moreover, crying can be a way of communicating. It's really the only way that babies can express their needs before they learn how to say things like "why you throwing shade on me," or "I'm not Gucci." Crying can help communicate to others that you need more sympathy, comfort, or help. Of course, this can be misused. You don't want to cry every time your order at a restaurant doesn't come out right. And of course, there is the whole concept of crocodile tears: people crying to get something when they don't really mean it.

Crying can also be a way of communicating with yourself. Even when you cry alone, you may be telling yourself about your own state because, like many people, you could be terrible at reading your own emotions and situation. Tears could be your body's way of saying, "hey, take a break," or "something's not right," or "take care of yourself." Tearing up can then be a way of your body literally crying out to you.

Your body is a complex system. Crying can be complex. Your tears can flow when you are very sad, very angry, or even very happy. Better understanding what causes us to cry and what happens as a result could help us better handle their emotions and stress.

Sun, 21 Jul 2019 07:48:00 -0500 Bruce Y. Lee en text/html https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2019/07/21/how-crying-can-help-you-here-is-what-a-study-says/
Study Suggests Horticulture Therapy Could Help Fight Depression No result found, try new keyword!A study suggests that horticulture therapy, which focuses on gardening activities, may help reduce depression symptoms in older adults. The greatest benefits were found when therapy lasted 4-8 ... Thu, 14 Dec 2023 10:00:00 -0600 en-us text/html https://www.msn.com/ Ozempic could help curb alcohol abuse, study reveals

The latest weight loss craze could also help people control their drinking.

Semaglutide treatments such as Ozempic and Wegovy have been shown to reduce the symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to a study published in The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry on Nov. 27.

The collaborative study from The University of Oklahoma (OU) and Oklahoma State University (OSU) found a “significant and noteworthy decrease” in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores of six patients who were receiving semaglutide treatment for weight loss.

Lead study author Dr. Jesse Richards, director of obesity medicine and assistant professor of medicine at the OU-TU School of Community Medicine, said the study was inspired by his conversation with Dr. Kyle Simmons, professor of pharmacology and physiology at the OSU Center for Health Sciences.

“I had been hearing from a significant number of patients that their alcohol intake was spontaneously decreasing while [they were] on the medication,” Richards told Fox News Digital.

As a bariatric surgery clinic employee, Richards noted that it’s standard to screen patients for alcohol use.

Studies found that there was a decrease in Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores for six patients receiving weight-loss treatments. AP

At the clinic, a number of patients tested positive for alcohol consumption, sometimes in concerning amounts.

Later, while on semaglutide medication, they reported reduced alcohol intake.

One of Richards’ patients — who previously drank large amounts of alcohol — shared a new inability to drink more than two cans of beer now because it “just doesn’t sound good.”

After semaglutide medication, a patient who formerly drank beer regularly began to think that alcohol just didn’t “sound good.” Getty Images

This response piqued Richards’ interest in learning more about patients’ aversion to alcohol, which directly correlated to his research.

Research has shown that this effect is “mediated through adjustments in the reward pathway in the brain,” he said.

“The GLP-1s are actually modifying dopamine, decreasing the craving and decreasing the motivation to acquire things in that compulsive intake category.”

The most surprising takeaway from the study, Richards said, was that the same significant treatment response was seen even at very low doses.

“We found that even patients on the lowest dose of semaglutide — a quarter milligram — had a quite significant and relatively … quick onset reduction in alcohol intake,” he said.

Of the six patients studied, all but one were on low doses — from a quarter to a half milligram.

“And that’s very encouraging because they know that the lower doses of these medications are tolerated much better,” said Richards.

While the results seem promising, the doctor said he does not recommend that patients use semaglutide treatments for alcohol use disorder at this time, due to supply and safety issues.

“If patients have [obesity and diabetes] indications for the medication and they also struggle with alcohol intake … having them on this treatment may potentially be beneficial,” Richards said.

Due to medication shortages and a lack of long-term data, it may not be advisable to take Ozempic to target alcoholism specifically. NurPhoto via Getty Images

“But because there has been a global medication shortage, and because they don’t have prospective trials and don’t know what the specific safety is versus the well-established safety data in obesity and diabetes, [I] would not recommend it just for patients who have AUD.”

There are three FDA-approved drugs available for alcoholic use disorder that are currently underused, the doctor noted.

Given that five million people in the U.S. are currently taking semaglutide medications, if it is proven that those drugs have a significant effect on alcohol use disorder, “by default, they are going to become the most widely used drug to Strengthen these symptoms — just by virtue of the fact that so many people are on them for diabetes or obesity,” Richards noted.

Trials are underway to gather more information on the weight-loss medication and its effect on alcohol intake. UCG/Universal Images Group via G

He confirmed that additional research is underway with two ongoing trials.

“Since they were able to show clinically meaningful reductions in alcohol intake and AUD symptomatology in a real-world setting, that bodes very well for these types of medications,” he said.

Looking ahead, Richard said there is a need for higher-quality evidence of the medication’s impact on AUD compared to placebo drugs or environmental factors.

People struggling with alcohol use should speak with their healthcare provider. Getty Images

Even though it’s unclear whether GLP-1 producers will market the medication to AUD patients in the future, Richards said this could become an “established medical practice once the safety and efficacy has been determined.”

For patients who struggle with AUD, Richards recommended they talk to their health care providers about available treatment.

He also alerted patients that if they experience a reduced appetite and usually consume “a bunch of calories” in alcohol, it may be necessary to look into a more balanced diet.

Avantika Waring, 9amHealth’s chief medical officer and a trained physician and endocrinologist in San Francisco, applauded the OU and OSU study findings for further supporting what clinicians “are already seeing in practice,” she told Fox News Digital.

“GLP-1 medications have a lot of effects that they are still learning about, and the ability to decrease cravings and the reward signals related to alcohol use are just some of the benefits,” she said.

“It’s an important starting point for further clinical trials,” she added.

Waring also warned that GLP-1 medications should not be used to treat AUD specifically, as they can cause side effects such as nausea and changes in appetite.

“People struggling with alcohol use disorder should consult with their physicians before starting GLP-1 medications to make sure that they can stay hydrated and safe on therapy,” she said.

Waring noted that if ongoing clinical trials find semaglutide treatments to be effective for AUD, the medical community will “have another tool to help people living with alcohol addiction and we’ll see expanded use of these already popular drugs.”

Fox News Digital reached out to Novo Nordisk for comment on the potential link between semaglutide medications and alcohol use disorder.

Sun, 10 Dec 2023 02:53:00 -0600 en-US text/html https://nypost.com/2023/12/10/lifestyle/ozempic-could-help-curb-alcohol-abuse-study-reveals/




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